Being an applied science, Geology has many applications to human activities. Our modern society cannot exist without resources explored for, and exploited by, geologists; notable examples being oil, gas, coal, water, building materials and metals. Geologists are also involved in hazard prediction, i.e., earthquake, volcano and landslide forecasting. In major civil engineering projects, Geologists are required to investigate the ground foundations, and a major recent growth area for Geologists is in environmental projects.